var presentation = ["substance<\/word>","acid<\/word>","base<\/word>","theories<\/word>","acid\u2013base behavior<\/word>","Arrhenius theory<\/word>","acid is a substance<\/word>","produces hydronium ions<\/word>","dissolved in water<\/word>","base is one<\/word>","produces hydroxide ions<\/word>","A substance<\/strong> can often be classified as an acid<\/strong> or a base<\/strong>. There are several different theories<\/strong> which explain acid\u2013base behavior<\/strong>. The simplest is Arrhenius theory<\/strong>, which states that acid is a substance<\/strong> that produces hydronium ions<\/strong> when it is dissolved in water<\/strong>, and a base is one<\/strong> that produces hydroxide ions<\/strong> when dissolved in water<\/strong>.<\/phrase>","Br\u00f8nsted\u2013Lowry acid\u2013base theory<\/word>","acids<\/word>","donate a positive hydrogen ion<\/word>","another substance<\/word>","chemical reaction<\/word>","base<\/word>","substance<\/word>","receives that hydrogen ion<\/word>","According to Br\u00f8nsted\u2013Lowry acid\u2013base theory<\/strong>, acids<\/strong> are substances that donate a positive hydrogen ion<\/strong> to another substance<\/strong> in a chemical reaction<\/strong>; by extension, a base<\/strong> is the substance<\/strong> which receives that hydrogen ion<\/strong>.<\/phrase>","Lewis acid\u2013base theory<\/word>","based on<\/word>","formation of new chemical bonds<\/word>","acid is a substance<\/word>","accepting a pair of electrons<\/word>","another substance<\/word>","process<\/word>","bond formation<\/word>","base<\/word>","substance<\/word>","provide a pair of electrons<\/word>","form a new bond<\/word>","crucial things being exchanged<\/word>","charges<\/word>","A third common theory is Lewis acid\u2013base theory<\/strong>, which is based on<\/strong> the formation of new chemical bonds<\/strong>. Lewis theory explains that an acid is a substance<\/strong> which is capable of accepting a pair of electrons<\/strong> from another substance<\/strong> during the process<\/strong> of bond formation<\/strong>, while a base<\/strong> is a substance<\/strong> which can provide a pair of electrons<\/strong> to form a new bond<\/strong>. According to this theory, the crucial things being exchanged<\/strong> are charges<\/strong>.<\/phrase>","Acid strength<\/word>","based on<\/word>","Arrhenius definition<\/word>","acidity<\/word>","pH<\/word>","hydronium ion concentration<\/word>","negative logarithmic scale<\/word>","have a low pH<\/word>","high hydronium ion concentration<\/word>","more acidic<\/word>","Acid strength<\/strong> is commonly measured by two methods. One measurement, based on<\/strong> the Arrhenius definition<\/strong> of acidity<\/strong>, is pH<\/strong>, which is a measurement of the hydronium ion concentration<\/strong> in a solution, as expressed on a negative logarithmic scale<\/strong>. Thus, solutions that have a low pH<\/strong> have a high hydronium ion concentration<\/strong> and can be said to be more acidic<\/strong>.<\/phrase>","based on<\/word>","Br\u00f8nsted\u2013Lowry definition<\/word>","acid dissociation constant<\/word>","relative ability<\/word>","substance<\/word>","act as an acid<\/word>","Br\u00f8nsted\u2013Lowry definition of an acid<\/word>","higher Ka<\/word>","more likely<\/word>","donate hydrogen ions<\/word>","chemical reactions<\/word>","lower Ka values<\/word>","The other measurement, based on<\/strong> the Br\u00f8nsted\u2013Lowry definition<\/strong>, is the acid dissociation constant<\/strong> (Ka), which measures the relative ability<\/strong> of a substance<\/strong> to act as an acid<\/strong> under the Br\u00f8nsted\u2013Lowry definition of an acid<\/strong>. That is, substances with a higher Ka<\/strong> are more likely<\/strong> to donate hydrogen ions<\/strong> in chemical reactions<\/strong> than those with lower Ka values<\/strong>.<\/phrase>"]; var currentPosition = 0; var totalPositions = 0; var timePerWord = 1500; var timePerPhraseWord = 120 var readAheadPlayerTimer; var autoPlay = true; var setMinimized = false; var wordSpeedOptions = {'Slower':2000,'Moderate':1200,'Fast':800}; var phraseSpeedOptions = {'Slower':280,'Moderate':200,'Fast':80}; var defaultWordSpeedOption = 'Moderate'; var defaultPhraseSpeedOption = 'Moderate'; var logToLTI = false; $(window).load(function(){ totalPositions = presentation.length; if (totalPositions > 0){ $('body').prepend('
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